LowEmissionAsphalt-136pg-WhitePaper-May2023

P a g e | 131 rock weathering (ERW) carbon capture techniques. 290 Only a PCC carbon sink requires no additional costs or land usage. Adding photoreactive TiO 2 doubles the lifespan carbon uptake efficiency to 50% as an effective catalyst. 291 Fantastic news!!! Table 24 – PlusTi ® PCC GHG Removal Breakdown Per CLM (Mt CO 2 e) Per Year 10 Year Vehicle CO 2 292 2,600 17,160 Vehicle NOx 293 980 6,468 Tailpipe Emissions 3,580 23,628 Solar Reflectance 294 200 1,320 Vehicle RAMP 295 250 1,650 Carbon Sink 296 400 3,000 Total 4,430 29,598 Source: BlackwallPartners LLC Model Assumptions: CLM 260 days 25,000 AADT 90% light vehicle, 10% truck 10-year terminal value 50% 290 enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a process that accelerates natural rock weathering where carbon reacts with certain minerals, usually calcium, found in various types of rocks. 291 Velay-Lizancos et al, Impact of nano-TiO 2 addition on the reduction of net CO 2 emissions of cement paste after CO 2 curing, Purdue University 2021. 292 EPA; Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI), International Standard ISO 22197-1 Test method for air- purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials . 293 EPA; 60 Co 2 e per Dahlmann K et al, Quantifying the contributions of individual NOx sources to the trend in ozone radiative forcing , DLR Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, February 2011. 294 Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI) and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) – MIT Concrete Sustainability Hub: Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) ASTM E1980-11 Standard Practice for Calculating Solar Reflectance Index of Horizontal and Low-Sloped Opaque Surfaces ; converted into radiative forcing (RF) or GWP/ CO 2 e. 295 Shen M, Huang W, et al, (Micro)plastic crisis: Un-ignorable contribution to global greenhouse emissions and climate change, May 2020. 296 Purdue University; MIT CSHub.